1. Absence of a functional technical service
2. Ageing of farmers
3. Difficult access to land
4. Difficult access to inputs [seedlings, pesticides, fungicides and herbicides and grains
5. Difficult access to modern agricultural techniques and tools
6.Difficult access to agricultural credit
7. Difficult access to support infrastructure such as storage facilities agric and phytosanitory products
8. Difficulty in marketing production, poor farm to market roads
9. Few CIGs and Cooperatives
The ISANGELE Council is located in the South West Region of Cameroon in the Ndian Division with boundaries as follows
Mundemba council to the North East; Nigeria to the North and North West; Kombo Itindi to the East; Kombo Abedimo to the South
It lies roughly in the East between 8.30o and 8.55o. and in the North between 4.3 and 4.52 degrees.
- Agriculture
- Sylviculture
- Livestock and Fisheries
- Forest Exploitation
Climate
Generally of the equatorial type with two main seasons; a short dry season of about four months [November to February] and a long rainy season [March to October] and is purely a maritime type, wet most of the seasons with an average temperature of 25oc to 35oc. The rainfall is generally heavy and ranges between 7,000 mm and 12,00 mm fairly evenly distributed within 8 months. The relative humidity consequently is very high above 75%. The short dry and long rainy season, high temperatures, high rainfall, high relative humidity suitable for diverse agriculture.
Soils
Sandy and clay soils are clay and sandy making them acid soils which are very suitable for farming especially the cultivation of cassava, egusi, maize, cocoa, pineapples, yams currently being practised. Oil palms and Rubber can also be cultivated here. However there is severe erosion due to the intense rainfall. The roads easily deteriorate with the effect that ISANGELE Mundemba road is impassible during the rainy season leaving the only option of the irregular, risky and costly maritime transport.
These soil types pose very serious problems for the construction of ordinary wells and latrines as well as roads and paths. The heavy rains over a long period in the year favour the caving in of wells and pit latrines and severe erosion of roads and land. On the other hand these soil types, the high humidity, the high temperature and high rainfall are suitable for commercial agriculture and cultivation of cassava, plantains, banana, yams, maize, egusi, pineapple, pawpaw, pepper, vegetables and many other food crops. ISANGELE lands are also suitable for the cultivation of cash crops such as cocoa, palms and rubber.
Relief
Hills, steep slopes, deep valleys, low lands, rugged and undulating surfaces. The dominant physical feature of the municipality is virgin forest with large mangroves. Islands (creeks) covering an area of about 765km2. the vegetation is mixed with secondary and virgin forest. Vegetation cover of the area is dominated by Palm trees, thick forest, swampy area and mangroves which serve as wood for the smoking of fish and timber for local construction of houses.
Water Resources
Several small streams and rivers some all year round and others dry up in the dry season. Navigable all year round. Huge abode for variety of fishes. Plentiful and can be developed into ports. There are numerous sources of water ranging from creeks, springs, streams and rivers. However a majority of these are seasonal and heavily contaminated.
